ThinkProbe: Beyond Accuracy -- Structural Profiling of Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Traces via Non-Generative Thought Graphs
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Computer Science > Computation and Language
Title:ThinkProbe: Beyond Accuracy -- Structural Profiling of Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Traces via Non-Generative Thought Graphs
Abstract:We present ThinkProbe, a framework for structural analysis of LLM reasoning traces. ThinkProbe converts each trace into a Thought Graph a directed graph with cycles, 8 node types, and 6 edge types and derives a 19-metric five-dimensional cognitive profile (5D-CP: Breadth, Depth, Structure, Metacognitive, Efficiency) through a fully non-generative pipeline combining rule-based segmentation and discriminative semantic linking. Applied to 4{,}200 traces from 7 native reasoning models across 200 open-ended questions and 10 cognitive domains, ThinkProbe reveals that reasoning structure is a stable, model-level property: between-model variance exceeds between-domain variance by up to fourfold across four of five cognitive dimensions, with Structure showing genuine sensitivity to question domain, exposing qualitatively distinct cognitive profiles invisible to accuracy-based evaluation.
| Comments: | Under Review for EMNLP 2026 |
| Subjects: | Computation and Language (cs.CL) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2606.29067 [cs.CL] |
| (or arXiv:2606.29067v1 [cs.CL] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.29067
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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Submission history
From: Mohamed Amine Kerkouri [view email][v1] Sat, 27 Jun 2026 19:56:55 UTC (4,469 KB)
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