TransClean: A Benchmark for Detecting and Extracting Clean Translations from Large Language Model Outputs
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Computer Science > Computation and Language
arXiv:2609.11399 (cs)
[Submitted on 10 Sep 2026]
Title:TransClean: A Benchmark for Detecting and Extracting Clean Translations from Large Language Model Outputs
View a PDF of the paper titled TransClean: A Benchmark for Detecting and Extracting Clean Translations from Large Language Model Outputs, by Shenbin Qian and Yves Scherrer
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Abstract:Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for machine translation, yet their outputs often contain additional text beyond the translation itself, such as language labels, explanations or bilingual repetitions, which we term translation noise. Despite its prevalence, this problem lacks dedicated benchmarks and systematic study. We analyze over 790,000 translation outputs from 12 LLMs across 22 language pairs (LPs) and identify 12 recurring noise patterns, which we group into formatting and content noise. Building on the observed patterns, we construct TransClean, a controlled benchmark of 9,900 pairs of noisy and clean translation outputs, comprising 8,800 synthetically generated instances and 1,100 manually curated authentic instances. We evaluate two extraction approaches on the TransClean benchmark: 1) a span-based extraction method leveraging translation quality estimation models for span detection, and 2) an LLM-based extraction method that prompts an LLM to isolate the translation. Our benchmark and analysis provide the first systematic framework to evaluate and improve the cleanliness of LLM translation outputs.
| Comments: | Accepted to the Eleventh Conference on Machine Translation (WMT26) |
| Subjects: | Computation and Language (cs.CL) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2609.11399 [cs.CL] |
| (or arXiv:2609.11399v1 [cs.CL] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.11399
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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View a PDF of the paper titled TransClean: A Benchmark for Detecting and Extracting Clean Translations from Large Language Model Outputs, by Shenbin Qian and Yves Scherrer
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