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Semantic Space of Parts of Speech

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Computer Science > Computation and Language

arXiv:2608.15443 (cs)
[Submitted on 15 Aug 2026]

Title:Semantic Space of Parts of Speech

View a PDF of the paper titled Semantic Space of Parts of Speech, by Ji\v{r}\'i Mili\v{c}ka and 7 other authors
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Abstract:Parts of speech categorization is understood in the European linguistic tradition as crisp categorization, which is also reflected in corpus linguistics, where each disambiguated token is assigned exactly one POS. However, the assigned categories are largely determined by arbitrary decisions distilled into annotation manuals. Since some words stand between parts of speech in their semantics or typical syntax, and some parts of speech are closer to each other than others, POS categorization seems inherently fuzzy. We analyze this fuzziness using word2vec embeddings, training a neural network to reduce their high dimensionality to three dimensions relevant for determining parts of speech. This creates a three-dimensional space onto which we map several thousand words, revealing which are prototypical and which lie on the boundaries, and visualizing relationships between parts of speech. The study uses Universal Dependencies POS tags for French, Czech, Finnish, Russian, and English.
Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
Cite as: arXiv:2608.15443 [cs.CL]
  (or arXiv:2608.15443v1 [cs.CL] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.15443
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Jiří Milička [view email]
[v1] Sat, 15 Aug 2026 22:56:27 UTC (1,528 KB)
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