MoganColBERT-TR: A Late-Interaction Multi-Vector Retrieval Model for Turkish
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Computer Science > Computation and Language
Title:MoganColBERT-TR: A Late-Interaction Multi-Vector Retrieval Model for Turkish
Abstract:We previously reported a ModernBERT encoder trained from scratch for Turkish (MoganBERT-TR) and a single-vector embedding model built on top of it (MoganBERT-embed). This work introduces the third model in that lineage: MoganColBERT-TR, a multi-vector retrieval model that, instead of compressing a query or a document into a single vector, represents it at the token level through a 768->128 projection and scores it with MaxSim late interaction. The model is not trained from scratch: the embedding model's encoder is taken as the starting point and adapted to the ColBERT objective with a single-epoch distillation phase. Training data is produced from two sources - title-to-passage pairs carved out of our own pretraining corpus in the character domain and at sentence boundaries, and two Turkish question-based retrieval sets - and is distilled from the soft scores of a cross-encoder teacher (bge-reranker-v2-m3) over one positive and seven mined negatives. We show that in hard negative mining, rank-based skipping alone is insufficient and must be combined with a group mask and a cosine ceiling. Evaluation is carried out with the official pipeline of TurkColBERT, a benchmark built for Turkish late-interaction retrieval (PLAID index, exact MaxSim), on five Turkish BEIR datasets; none of them appears in our training pool, so all five results are clean zero-shot. With 148.9M parameters, MoganColBERT-TR reaches an overall score of 37.36 (35.53 nDCG@100, 31.81 nDCG@10) averaged over the five datasets and finishes second among the five models compared: it outperforms the twice-as-large ColmmBERT-base-TR on four of five datasets and by +3.05 overall, and the benchmark's largest model by +12.30. The gap to the leading model (mLateOn) is concentrated on ArguAna-TR, the dataset with by far the longest queries.
| Comments: | 12 pages, 6 tables. Model weights: this https URL |
| Subjects: | Computation and Language (cs.CL) |
| ACM classes: | H.3.3; I.2.7 |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2608.26344 [cs.CL] |
| (or arXiv:2608.26344v1 [cs.CL] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.26344
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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