BEACON-SP: Ontology-Grounded GraphRAG Framework for Clinical Suicide Risk Assessment
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Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence
arXiv:2610.09026 (cs)
[Submitted on 6 Oct 2026]
Title:BEACON-SP: Ontology-Grounded GraphRAG Framework for Clinical Suicide Risk Assessment
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Abstract:We present BEACON-SP, an ontology-grounded Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) framework for clinician-facing decision support in behavioral health settings such as suicide prevention, where effective assessment requires integrating heterogeneous clinical, behavioral, social, and temporal evidence. BEACON-SP combines patient knowledge graphs with ontology-guided retrieval to support multi-hop reasoning across diagnoses, medications, risk and protective factors, life events, and temporal relationships. The framework is enabled by a comprehensive suicide prevention ontology that integrates the Three-Step Theory, the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model, and the Suicide Social Determinants of Health Ontology into a unified representation of patient risk factors. We construct ontology-grounded patient knowledge graphs and evaluate BEACON-SP for clinician-facing question answering. Compared with a vector-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) baseline on a 1,500-query benchmark spanning 15 clinical categories and 100 patients, BEACON-SP improves completeness, clinical relevance, and evidence grounding under a corrected comparative evaluation protocol, with a small gain on factual accuracy. In paired criterion-level comparisons, GraphRAG is preferred in 76.4% of cases. These results demonstrate the potential of ontology-guided GraphRAG to provide structured, contextualized patient evidence for clinical decision support.
| Subjects: | Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computation and Language (cs.CL); Information Retrieval (cs.IR) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2610.09026 [cs.AI] |
| (or arXiv:2610.09026v1 [cs.AI] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.09026
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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View a PDF of the paper titled BEACON-SP: Ontology-Grounded GraphRAG Framework for Clinical Suicide Risk Assessment, by Kemal Davaslioglu and Nathan Conger and Sastry Kompella and Yalin E. Sagduyu and Nathaniel D. Bastian
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